AS1: Task 9: Non-continuity

Non-Continuity Editing

 Non-Continuity Editing:

- Continuity is broken and construction is more apparent. Meaning often created through juxtaposition and metaphor shot inserts.

- Non-Continuity Editing is a style of film making that was made popular throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Filmmakers such as Jean Luc Godard ad Francois created a new style called "French New Wave". 

The French New Wave films used a carefree editing style and did not conform to the traditional editing etiquette of Hollywood films.

The French New Wave editing often drew attention to itself by its lack of continuity, its self-reflexive nature (reminding the audience that they were watching a film). They often used material not often related to any narrative which kept the audience surprised and intrigued.

Jump Cut:

- A jump cut is mainly used in films or television. It is an abrupt transition form one scene to another.

This is what a jump cut looks like in a cartoon version:

 This cartoon shows a man walking through the rain and  each slide shows different place of where the man is standing. From the beginning, middle and end we have seen the use of jump cut from this cartoon version of jump cut.

A Bout de Souffle (Breathless)- Jean-Luc Godard - Jump cut:

 

Jump cut from this scene (in the left) to the scene with the mirror (in the right)

• The gap in action (when Seberg picked up the mirror) is emphasised by the use of a jump cut.

 Jump Cut is used to:

• Startle the viewer
• Draw attention to something 
• Speeds up the action
• Create Urgency

Here is the video clip of A Bout de Souffle (Breathless) showing the use of jump cuts.

                                                      A Bout de Souffle (Breathless)

  There had been around 11 jump cuts used in this film and that it shows that it's effective to use to jump cuts especially when your showing someone travelling. It is better to use jump cuts rather than a continuity editing because it will make your film longer if you use continuity editing.

Another example of a film where they have used the jump cut in the film called "E.T". The jump cut in this film is when they illustrate the shock on Elliot's face.

Here is the video clip of the film called "E.T" showing the use of jump cuts.

                                                             Extra Terrestrial (E.T)

The jump cut in this scene is when they were being chased and they've shown Elliot's face. Instead of just zooming in to Elliot's face, they use jump cuts to make it more effective.

Breaking the 180 Degree Rule:

Breaking the 180 degree rule is part of a non-continuity editing. They have ignored the 180 Degree Rule and there are still lots of modern film makers who use this technique. They use this technique when they want to create a startling  effect to the audience. Since the audience are mature enough they would figure that something is happening at that scene of the film because something went wrong. And by making the audience/viewer feel that, they are to break the 180 Degree Rule.

If you cross or break the 180 Degree Rule then the characters will appear to swap positions on the screen- this often used to convey something is going wrong.

 Here is an exmaple of a film where they have break the 180 Degree Rule:

 You can see from this scene that the man in suit was first positioned at the left and will then appear on the right after a few seconds because they have break the 180 Degree Rule.  This is effective especially for horror films because this could be the signal that somethings going to happen.

 Breaking the 180 Degree Rule is not only used in horror films but also in action films such the Hunger Games.

The bed was at the right now its in the left side of the film.

    

AS1: Task 8: Continuity Editing Techniques

Continuity Editing:                                                                   

'Continuity Editing' is what became knows as the popular 'classical Hollywood'  style of editing.
This was  developed by early European and American directors, in particular D.W. Griffith in his films such as The Birth of a Nation.

The classical style ensures temporal (time) and spatial (space) continuity as a way of advancing narrative, using such technique as the 180 degree rule, Match on Action, and Shot, Reverse Shot.

Our Task:

Our task is to film a short sequence that demonstrates our understanding of the key conventions of continuity editing.

We are to work in a small group for this task. We are to assign the following roles:

Directors
Camera Operators
2 X Actors

Our sequence must take place in school and should have at least two characters. We are to demonstrate the following conventions:

Match on Action
Eye-line Match
Shot, Reverse Shot
180 degree rule
Point of View



Match In Action:

 In the film that we have produced we have included Match in action in our film. We had myself to open the door from the outside of the room and the next scene shows me going through the door to the inside of the room. This shows a continuity within the film.

 If I had started opening the door from the outside of the room and the next scene shows me just opening the door from the outside of the room, that wouldn't be a match in action technique as it doesn't show any continuity from the last scene.

Eye-Line Match:

 We have used eye-line match technique in this film. We had Allegria to text her friend Diana ( that's me) and to show this, we had recorded her looking down her phone where as the next scene shows her messaging  me with the phone and the text showing. 

 If we had filmed Allegria looking down at her phone and the next scene is just from a different angle  of her phone showing, it wouldn't be an eye-line match example as it doesn't fully show what's Allegria's looking at.

Shot, Reverse Shot:

 We have included the use of shot, reverse shot technique in our film. We all know that shot, reverse shot is done by showing the person talking and the camera was positioned at the back of one of the two people while one of that person's back is being shown in the camera. And to reverse it, we are to do it the same with the other person.

 This is how we did our shot, reverse shot. We had filmed one of the person talking and the camera was positioned at the shoulder side of one of the person. And for the reverse shot, we did the exact technique we did with the other person.

 If we had filmed this scene in where the camera was positioned at the side of both characters, this wouldn't be called a shot, reverse shot as you are only moving the camera from left to right to show which person is speaking.

180 Degree Rule:

 We have also used the 180 degree rule in our film. We all know that the 180 degree rule is really important especially when producing a film because if you make a mistake and you've use the 180 degree rule wrong, it would look like as if scene had been reflection or re-positioned. Therefore, being careful when using the 180 degree rule is important.

 In our film we used the 180 degree rule by moving the camera just around the 180 degree line. If we had went over the 180 degree line even just by few degrees like 182/3 degree, your scene where you had person A at the left will now appear at the right side as you have went over the 180 degree rule.

Conclusion:

 We had carried each different technique well as with the match-on action, we were able to show the scene where I was opening the door and it shows the bit where the handle was shown clearly and the scene after that shows the time when I went through the door from the outside and it had shown a continuity within the film.

 In eye-line match, we had clearly showed what Allegria was looking at and that she was looking directly on to her phone since the scene after that shows the actual phone in where she is messaging me so we can meet up.

 With the shot, reverse shot, we managed to show each person speaking by taking a shot of them from the back of one of the character. We had the camera positioned at the right back side of that person so that the other person is being shown in shoulder with the person she is talking to.

AS1: Task 7: Continuity Editing

Continuity Editing

Continuity Editing:

 Continuity editing is what had became known as the popular 'classical Hollywood' style of editing.

This is developed by early European and American directors, in particular D.W. Griffith in his films such as The Birth of a Nation.

The classical style ensures temporal (time) and spatial (space) continuity as a way of advancing narrative, using such techniques as the 180 degree rule, Match on Action, and Shot, Reverse Shot.

Continuity Editing us important because it helps retain a sense of realistic chronology and generates the feeling that time is moving forward.

This doesn't mean that you can;t use a flashbacks or flash forwards, as long as the narrative will still be seen to be processing forward in an expected or realistic way.

Key Continuity Techniques:

Eye-line match

this technique links two shots together. This is where we see a character looking at something off screen and then we cut a shot of what they are looking at.  This will then allow the audience to experience an event in the film just as the character is experiencing it.

This is what an eye-line match look like:

 This is an example of an eye-line match because it shows what the character is looking at and it shows a link between two images. The position of the camera is important especially when creating an eye-line match like the example shown above.

To create a perfect eye-line match, you are to make sure that the position of the camera is correct because it will then create a link between your two images. If your camera was positioned in the wrong way , for example of the guy above (Ben-Hur) if the guy was looking at the right and the camera was positioned at the left side of the woman, it won't create a link. Therefore, the position of the camera is important when creating an eye-line match.

Match on Action

This technique links two shots together. This is where we see a character start an action in one shot, the camera then cuts to a different angle and we see the character finish the action in the second shot. This technique ensures that the action seems like one natural and realistic movement even when the actor may have really performed it twice.

This is an example of a Match on action:

 This is an example of a Match on action because it shows a person going in/out of a room and it shows the point where the person holds out the door and the other image shows the time where she had came through the door. 

Shot, Reverse

Shot, Reverse is a technique links to two shots together. The first shot reveals one character and then the second shot reveals the second character. This allows the audience to connect the two characters and realise that they are interacting with each other. 

This is an example of a Shot, Reverse Shot:

 This is an example of a shot, reverse shot because it shows a scene about two person talking to each other with a close shot. The first images shown above, the man is in shoulder line with the lady he is talking too and to reverse it, the second images then shows the man who is also in shoulder line with the lady. 

The 180 Degree Rule

The 180 degree rule is a basic guideline that stares that two characters (or other elements) in the same scene should always have the same left/right relationship to each other. If the camera passes over the imaginary axis connecting the two subjects, it is called crossing the line.

This what a 180 degree rule look like:

In the 180 degree rule when filming the camera should always stay on one side of the infirmary line. If you cross the line characters will appear to swap positions on the screen.

Its is important to not break the 180 degree rule because if the the 180 degree rule wasn't obeyed then the person who first appeared at the right side will then appear in the left if the camera go over the 180 degree rule.

This is what it looks like when we go over 180 degree rule:

 The guy at the right hand side of the image above is not positioned at the left hand side of the images. 

 Using all of this technique is really important when making a film because all of this techniques eye-line match, match on action and 180 degree rule will make your film look continuos, seem real and perfect. Without any use of one of these techniques this make can make your film go wrong. If you didn't use an eye-line match, when person A was talking to person B, it will look like as if person A wasn't looking at person B even though they were talking to each other.

If a film maker forgot to use match-on action, for example person C is coming out of the door, it will look like as if person C went the wrong side because of no match on action use. 

AS1: Task 5: Creating a Montage

   Montage

 Montage: 

 Is a technique used when editing, selecting and piecing together different sections of films to create a continuous whole. A montage is "a single pictorial composition made by juxtaposing or superimposing many pictures or designs". In film making they use this technique to compress time and to convey a lot of information in a relatively short period.

Now that we have learnt about montage and have a bit more understanding about it we are to film and edit our own montages.

 Our Task:

 We are to create a montage that is no longer than a one minute film. This montage can either be a French Cinema, Soviet Cinema or Hollywood Cinema Montage.


 This is my edited film montage starring; Allegria Luyindula, Jasmine King, Bradley Scamell and Diana Adriano.

 We have produced a Hollywood Cinema style Montage. This is because it would be easier to create a a short film  montage like 'Rocky' because it is quite simple and can easily be done with editing than the soviet cinema style montage in where we would need to create a montage that will bring relationship/link between the two as it would have the same meaning.

 The montage that we have produced is a bit confusing since it have different topic each time there's a new scene comes up. However, we can still reflect to the fact that this what usually happens at school. 

 The first scene is where the students are on their way to their class as the bell had rang and are rushing to get to their lesson. The second scene is where the teacher comes out of her classroom to get something for her class. The third scene is then about students playing around the school field and this is set at the front field. And the last scene is when two students are talking to each other and one keep looking at the time since she is aware that it's nearly time to go home therefore they said their goodbyes at the end in where two of them went to different directions.