Transition and Effects
Style of Editing:
The movement from one shot to the next is called a transition. Different transitions suggest different ideas to the audience. It is therefore really important to choose the right one.
Straight Cut:
A straight cut is the most common and "invisible" form of transition. One shot moves instantaneously to the next without attracting the audience's attention.
Straight cuts help to retain reality. They are used in continuity editing as they do not break the viewers suspension of disbelief.
Dissolves:
A dissolve fades one shot off the screen while another shot is fading in. The audience will be able to see both shots at the mid-point of the shots dissolves suggest that the shots are connected in some way. It might be two characters, places or objects. It might also suggest that some time has passed between the two shots.
Fades:
A fade is a bit like a dissolve but instead of dissolving one shot into another. A fade is a gradual darkening or lightening of an image until the screen becomes black or white.
A fade indicates the start or end of a particular section of time within the narrative.
The fades used in this music video is seen when the video turn blank for a few seconds and it went back to them again. From duration 0.09 seconds.
Wipes:
A wipe is quite an unusual transition. It is when one image is pushed off the screen by another. Images can be pushed in any direction but it is more common for the image to be pushed off the left-hand side. This movement is more consistent with the sense of time moving forward.
A wipe signals the audience that they are being shown different locations that are experiencing the same time. A visual equivalent of saying "meanwhile..."
Here is an example of a transitional wipes:
Graphic Match:
A graphic match is a very specialised type of transition. It is not something an editor ads between two shots but more a decision about which two shots to put next to each other.
A graphic match is created when two shots similar in shape are placed next to each other. The graphic match tells the audience that there is very important link between whatever it is they are seeing in two shots.
Here is what a graphic match looks like in a film:
This is the graphic match that we see from Psycho. We can see that it matches the circular image of the plughole with the next image of Marion's eye.
Another example where graphic match is used is in the film called 'War of the World'.
The film 'War of the World' used graphic match twice. The graphic match in this film will be seen in the beginning. From the rain droplet on the leaf to the earth and from the sun to the red traffic light.
Another film who used graphic match is the famous film called 'Space Odyssey'. This film used graphic to show the past to future.
Editing "effects" are really important part of film making. They allow a filmmaker to very effectively manipulate of diegetic time and space. For example:
The wizard of Oz is an example of manipulating time and space because this movie effect goes from black and white colour effect to technicolor. (Technicolor was first used in 1960's).
The movie 'Magic Mike' used time and space by changing the filter colour of one scene. (as seen from one figure above). They used yellow filter to show different times.
A wipe signals the audience that they are being shown different locations that are experiencing the same time. A visual equivalent of saying "meanwhile..."
Here is an example of a transitional wipes:
Graphic Match:
A graphic match is a very specialised type of transition. It is not something an editor ads between two shots but more a decision about which two shots to put next to each other.
A graphic match is created when two shots similar in shape are placed next to each other. The graphic match tells the audience that there is very important link between whatever it is they are seeing in two shots.
Here is what a graphic match looks like in a film:
This is the graphic match that we see from Psycho. We can see that it matches the circular image of the plughole with the next image of Marion's eye.
Another example where graphic match is used is in the film called 'War of the World'.
The film 'War of the World' used graphic match twice. The graphic match in this film will be seen in the beginning. From the rain droplet on the leaf to the earth and from the sun to the red traffic light.
Another film who used graphic match is the famous film called 'Space Odyssey'. This film used graphic to show the past to future.
Manipulation of Diegetic Time and Space:
Diegetic= In the World of the text
Non-Diegetic= Outside the world i.e films, computer games
Non-diegetic:
- The characters can't hear their own music but the audience can.
- Some transitions can be included as a non-diegetic
- Subtitles and credits in the beginning
Diegetic:
- If characters playing music
- Off Screen
Editing "effects" are really important part of film making. They allow a filmmaker to very effectively manipulate of diegetic time and space. For example:
 |
| Wizard of Oz |
- To show that a time period has changed in a flashback/forward
- To show a location is different
- To show that time is moving quicker or slower than normal
The wizard of Oz is an example of manipulating time and space because this movie effect goes from black and white colour effect to technicolor. (Technicolor was first used in 1960's).
An effect can be something really simple such as using a colour or remove it. Or it could be altering the saturation of an image to either enhance the colour or remove it. Making an image black and white is often used for flashbacks. For example: Momento
The movie 'Magic Mike' used time and space by changing the filter colour of one scene. (as seen from one figure above). They used yellow filter to show different times.
There are many different effects that can be added in the post production stage (editing). One of the most common technique is alter the speed of the footage.
A films which uses this technique is The Time Machine. The time traveler enters the time machine and the environment changes as he travels through time
A more modern version of this effect is seen in the third of the Harry Potter films. The sequence using layering and altering the speed of the image.
Harry Potter Time Turner scene
A films which uses this technique is The Time Machine. The time traveler enters the time machine and the environment changes as he travels through time
A more modern version of this effect is seen in the third of the Harry Potter films. The sequence using layering and altering the speed of the image.
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